An Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output vulnerability in the Sampling Route Record Daemon (SRRD) of Juniper Networks Junos OS allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS). When a device configured for flow-monitoring receives a specific BGP update message, it is correctly processed internally by the routing protocol daemon (rpd), but when it's sent to SRRD it's encoded incorrectly which leads to a crash and momentary interruption of jflow processing until it automatically restarts. This issue does not affect traffic forwarding itself. This issue affects Junos OS:  * All versions before 21.2R3-S9, * 21.4 versions before 21.4R3-S10, * 22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S6, * 22.4 versions before 22.4R3, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R1-S2, 23.2R2. This issue does not affected Junos OS Evolved.

An Improper Handling of Additional Special Element vulnerability in the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on MX Series with MS-MPC, MS-MIC and SPC3, and SRX Series, allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS). If the SIP ALG processes specifically formatted SIP invites, a memory corruption will occur which will lead to a crash of the FPC processing these packets. Although the system will automatically recover with the restart of the FPC, subsequent SIP invites will cause the crash again and lead to a sustained DoS. This issue affects Junos OS on MX Series and SRX Series:  * all versions before 21.2R3-S9, * 21.4 versions before 21.4R3-S10, * 22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S6, * 22.4 versions before 22.4R3-S5, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S3, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R2-S3, * 24.2 versions before 24.2R1-S2, 24.2R2.

An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a local, low-privileged attacker to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS). When a specific "show bgp neighbor" CLI command is run, the rpd cpu utilization rises and eventually causes a crash and restart. Repeated use of this command will cause a sustained DoS condition.  The device is only affected if BGP RIB sharding and update-threading is enabled. This issue affects Junos OS:  * All versions before 21.2R3-S9,  * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S8, * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S6,  * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S2,  * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3,  * from 23.4 before 23.4R2. and Junos OS Evolved:  * All versions before 21.2R3-S9-EVO,  * from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S8-EVO,  * from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S6-EVO,  * from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-S2-EVO,  * from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-S3-EVO,  * from 23.4-EVO before 23.4R2-EVO.

An Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor vulnerability in the User Interface (UI) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a local, low-privileged, authenticated attacker with access to the CLI to access sensitive information.  Through the execution of a specific show mgd command, a user with limited permissions (e.g., a low-privileged login class user) can access sensitive information such as hashed passwords, that can be used to further impact the system. This issue affects Junos OS:  * All versions before 21.4R3-S10, * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S5, * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S5,  * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3,  * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S3. Junos OS Evolved:  * All versions before 21.4R3-S10-EVO, * from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S6-EVO,  * from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-S5-EVO,  * from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-S3-EVO,  * from 23.4-EVO before 23.4R2-S3-EVO.

An Expired Pointer Dereference vulnerability in Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS).On all Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved platforms, when an MPLS Label-Switched Path (LSP) is configured with node-link-protection and transport-class, and an LSP flaps, rpd crashes and restarts. Continuous flapping of LSP can cause a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition. This issue affects: Junos OS: * All versions before 22.2R3-S4, * 22.4 versions before 22.4R3-S2, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R2. Junos OS Evolved: * All versions before 22.2R3-S4-EVO, * 22.4-EVO versions before 22.4R3-S2-EVO, * 23.2-EVO versions before 23.2R2-EVO, * 23.4-EVO versions before 23.4R2-EVO.

An Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a local, low-privileged attacker executing a CLI command to cause a Denial of Service (DoS). When asregex-optimized is configured and a specific "show route as-path" CLI command is executed, the rpd crashes and restarts. Repeated execution of this command will cause a sustained DoS condition. This issue affects Junos OS: * All versions before 21.2R3-S9, * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S10, * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S6, * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S6, * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3, * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S4, * from 24.2 before 24.2R2. and Junos OS Evolved: * All versions before 21.2R3-S9-EVO, * from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S10-EVO, * from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S6-EVO, * from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-S6-EVO, * from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-S3-EVO, * from 23.4-EVO before 23.4R2-S4-EVO, * from 24.2-EVO before 24.2R2-EVO.

A Buffer Access with Incorrect Length Value vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS). When an attacker sends a specific ICMPv6 packet to an interface with "protocols router-advertisement" configured, rpd crashes and restarts. Continued receipt of this packet will cause a sustained DoS condition.  This issue only affects systems configured with IPv6. This issue affects Junos OS:  * All versions before 21.2R3-S9,  * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S10, * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S6, * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S4, * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S2, * from 23.4 before 23.4R2; and Junos OS Evolved: * All versions before 21.2R3-S9-EVO, * from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S10-EVO, * from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S6-EVO, * from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-S4-EVO, * from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-S2-EVO, * from 23.4-EVO before 23.4R2-EVO.

An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the syslog stream TCP transport of Juniper Networks Junos OS on MX240, MX480 and MX960 devices with MX-SPC3 Security Services Card allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker, to send specific spoofed packets to cause a CPU Denial of Service (DoS) to the MX-SPC3 SPUs. Continued receipt and processing of these specific packets will sustain the DoS condition. This issue affects Junos OS: * All versions before 22.2R3-S6, * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S4, * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3, * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S4, * from 24.2 before 24.2R1-S2, 24.2R2 An indicator of compromise will indicate the SPC3 SPUs utilization has spiked. For example:     user@device> show services service-sets summary Service sets CPU Interface configured Bytes used Session bytes used Policy bytes used utilization "interface" 1 "bytes" (percent%) "sessions" ("percent"%) "bytes" ("percent"%) 99.97 % OVLD <<<<<< look for high CPU usage

An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Juniper DHCP Daemon (jdhcpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause the jdhcpd process to crash resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS). When a specifically malformed DHCP packet is received from a DHCP client, the jdhcpd process crashes, which will lead to the unavailability of the DHCP service and thereby resulting in a sustained DoS. The DHCP process will restart automatically to recover the service. This issue will occur when dhcp-security is enabled.  This issue affects Junos OS:  * All versions before 21.2R3-S9,  * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S10,  * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S6,  * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S6,  * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3,  * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S4,  * from 24.2 before 24.2R2;  Junos OS Evolved:  * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S6-EVO,  * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3-EVO,  * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S4-EVO,  * from 24.2 before 24.2R2-EVO. .

A Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime vulnerability in the packet forwarding engine (PFE) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on MX Series allows an unauthenticated adjacent attacker to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS). In a subscriber management scenario, login/logout activity triggers a memory leak, and the leaked memory gradually increments and eventually results in a crash.                 user@host> show chassis fpc                                        Temp    CPU Utilization (%)   CPU Utilization (%)   Memory     Utilization (%)                       Slot State       (C)     Total   Interrupt     1min   5min  15min    DRAM (MB)  Heap   Buffer                       2 Online         36       10         0          9     8     9        32768      26         0                                                                                                       This issue affects Junos OS on MX Series: * All versions before 21.2R3-S9 * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S10 * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S6 * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S5 * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3 * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S3 * from 24.2 before 24.2R2.

A Signed to Unsigned Conversion Error vulnerability in the Layer 2 Control Protocol daemon (l2cpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated adjacent attacker sending a specifically malformed LLDP TLV to cause the l2cpd process to crash and restart, causing a Denial of Service (DoS).  Continued receipt and processing of this packet will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition. When an LLDP telemetry subscription is active, receipt of a specifically malformed LLDP TLV causes the l2cpd process to crash and restart. This issue affects: Junos OS: * All versions before 21.2R3-S9,  * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S10,  * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S6,  * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S6,  * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3,  * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S4,  * from 24.2 before 24.2R2;  Junos OS Evolved:  * All versions before 21.4R3-S10-EVO, * from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S6-EVO,  * from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-S6-EVO,  * from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-S3-EVO,  * from 23.4-EVO before 23.4R2-S4-EVO,  * from 24.2-EVO before 24.2R2-EVO.

A NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability in the flow daemon (flowd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series allows an attacker causing specific, valid control traffic to be sent out of a Dual-Stack (DS) Lite tunnel to crash the flowd process, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS).  Continuous triggering of specific control traffic will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition. On all SRX platforms, when specific, valid control traffic needs to be sent out of a DS-Lite tunnel, a segmentation fault occurs within the flowd process, resulting in a network outage until the flowd process restarts. This issue affects Junos OS on SRX Series: * All versions before 21.2R3-S9, * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S9, * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S5, * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S6, * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3, * from 23.4 before 23.4R2.

A Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the flexible PIC concentrator (FPC) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on EX2300, EX3400, EX4100, EX4300, EX4300MP, EX4400, EX4600, EX4650-48Y, and QFX5k Series allows an attacker to send a specific DHCP packet to the device, leading to an FPC crash and restart, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS). Continued receipt and processing of this packet will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition. Under a rare timing scenario outside the attacker's control, memory corruption may be observed when DHCP Option 82 is enabled, leading to an FPC crash and affecting packet forwarding. Due to the nature of the heap-based overflow, exploitation of this vulnerability could also lead to remote code execution within the FPC, resulting in complete control of the vulnerable component. This issue affects Junos OS on EX2300, EX3400, EX4100, EX4300, EX4300MP, EX4400, EX4600, EX4650-48Y, and QFX5k Series: * All versions before 21.4R3-S9,  * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S5,  * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S5,  * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3,  * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S3,  * from 24.2 before 24.2R2.

An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, logically adjacent BGP peer to cause Denial of Service (DoS). On all Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved platforms, when BGP rib-sharding and update-threading are configured, and a BGP peer flap is done with specific timing, rpd crashes and restarts. Continuous peer flapping at specific time intervals will result in a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition. This issue affects eBGP and iBGP, in both IPv4 and IPv6 implementations. This issue requires a remote attacker to have at least one established BGP session. The issue can occur with or without logical-systems enabled. This issue affects: Junos OS: * All versions before 20.4R3-S8, * 21.2 versions before 21.2R3-S6, * 21.3 versions before 21.3R3-S5, * 21.4 versions before 21.4R3-S4, * 22.1 versions before 22.1R3-S3, * 22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S1, * 22.3 versions before 22.3R3, * 22.4 versions before 22.4R3. Junos OS Evolved: * All versions before 21.2R3-S6-EVO, * 21.3-EVO versions before 21.3R3-S5-EVO, * 21.4-EVO versions before 21.4R3-S4-EVO, * 22.1-EVO versions before 22.1R3-S3-EVO, * 22.2-EVO versions before :22.2R3-S1-EVO, * 22.3-EVO versions before 22.3R3-EVO, * 22.4-EVO versions before 22.4R3-EVO.

A Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime vulnerability in the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an adjacent, unauthenticated attacker to cause an FPC to crash, leading to Denial of Service (DoS). On all Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved platforms, in an EVPN-VXLAN scenario, when specific ARP packets are received on an IPv4 network, or specific NDP packets are received on an IPv6 network, kernel heap memory leaks, which eventually leads to an FPC crash and restart. This issue does not affect MX Series platforms. Heap size growth on FPC can be seen using below command. user@host> show chassis fpc                     Temp CPU Utilization (%) CPU Utilization (%) Memory   Utilization (%) Slot State           (C) Total Interrupt     1min   5min   15min   DRAM (MB)   Heap   Buffer   0 Online           45     3         0       2       2      2       32768      19       0 <<<<<<< Heap increase in all fPCs This issue affects Junos OS: * All versions before 21.2R3-S7, * 21.4 versions before 21.4R3-S4, * 22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S1,  * 22.3 versions before 22.3R3-S1,  * 22.4 versions before 22.4R2-S2, 22.4R3. and Junos OS Evolved: * All versions before 21.2R3-S7-EVO, * 21.4-EVO versions before 21.4R3-S4-EVO, * 22.2-EVO versions before 22.2R3-S1-EVO,  * 22.3-EVO versions before 22.3R3-S1-EVO,  * 22.4-EVO versions before 22.4R3-EVO.

An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the pfe (packet forwarding engine) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on MX Series causes a port within a pool to be blocked leading to Denial of Service (DoS). In a DS-Lite (Dual-Stack Lite) and NAT (Network Address Translation) scenario, when crafted IPv6 traffic is received and prefix-length is set to 56, the ports assigned to the user will not be freed.  Eventually, users cannot establish new connections. Affected FPC/PIC need to be manually restarted to recover. Following is the command to identify the issue:      user@host> show services nat source port-block      Host_IP                     External_IP                   Port_Block      Ports_Used/       Block_State/                                                               Range           Ports_Total       Left_Time(s)     2001::                        x.x.x.x                     58880-59391     256/256*1         Active/-       >>>>>>>>port still usedThis issue affects Junos OS on MX Series:  * from 21.2 before 21.2R3-S8,  * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S7,  * from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S6,  * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S4,  * from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S3,  * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S2,  * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S1,  * from 23.4 before 23.4R1-S2, 23.4R2. This issue does not affect versions before 20.2R1.

A Buffer Access with Incorrect Length Value vulnerability in the jdhcpd daemon of Juniper Networks Junos OS, when DHCP snooping is enabled, allows an unauthenticated, adjacent, attacker to send a DHCP packet with a malformed DHCP option to cause jdhcp to crash creating a Denial of Service (DoS) condition. Continuous receipt of these DHCP packets using the malformed DHCP Option will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition. This issue affects Junos OS: * from 23.1 before 23.2R2-S3, * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S3, * from 24.2 before 24.2R2. This issue isn't applicable to any versions of Junos OS before 23.1R1. This issue doesn't affect vSRX Series which doesn't support DHCP Snooping. This issue doesn't affect Junos OS Evolved. There are no indicators of compromise for this issue.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in WPWebinarSystem WebinarPress allows Phishing. This issue affects WebinarPress: from n/a through 1.33.27.

Koa is expressive middleware for Node.js using ES2017 async functions. In koa < 2.16.1 and < 3.0.0-alpha.5, passing untrusted user input to ctx.redirect() even after sanitizing it, may execute javascript code on the user who use the app. This issue is patched in 2.16.1 and 3.0.0-alpha.5.

Improper access control in Mdecservice prior to SMR Apr-2025 Release 1 allows local attackers to access arbitrary files with system privilege.

Dell Client Platform BIOS contains a Stack-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability. A high privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to arbitrary code execution.

GraphicsMagick before 8e56520 has a heap-based buffer over-read in ReadJXLImage in coders/jxl.c, related to an ImportViewPixelArea call.

Improper input validation in Azure Local allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Insufficiently protected credentials in Azure Local Cluster allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Insertion of sensitive information into log file in Azure Local Cluster allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over an adjacent network.